Sanskrit is the oldest Indo-Aryan language preserved in the world today. To the Indo-Aryan branch of languages belong all European languages of today, including some middle east and south-Asian languages.

In English if we want to say the apple is in the tree, we say each word seperately. This is not so in Sanskrit. In Sanskrit, the word in would be a part of the word tree. Sanskrit does this by adding on certain letters to the stem of the word.